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Politique de retour sous 30 jours
During the early years of the Second World War, Britain saw retaining control of the Middle East as essential, and devoted immense resources to building military bases there. The political stability of Egypt and Palestine was of prime concern to avoid diverting troops away from fighting the external enemy to internal security tasks. But Britain's position in the region had been weakened by the prolonged rebellion of 1936-39 in Palestine over Jewish immigration. Pan-Arab nationalism was energized, and Mussolini wanted to take advantage of the instability. Although Italian forces suffered defeats in late 1940, the dangers increased when Hitler intervened. The Germans conquered Greece and Crete in 1941, and Rommel's forces threatened Egypt. Although Britain achieved victory, it was unable to maintain its political authority. Demands for independence intensified in Egypt and among Palestine Jewry. The postwar struggles in those countries had their origins in the stormy period which this book analyses.