All-Current-Mirror Sinusoidal Quadrature Oscillators

This book has described design and analysis for developments of low-power high-frequency all-current- mirror sinusoidal quadrature oscillators (QOs). QOs typically provide two sinusoids with 90 degrees of phase difference for a variety of applications such as in receivers for wireless communication systems e.g. GSM 900 MHz, GSM 1800 MHz, PCS 1.9 GHz, Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11b & g in the 2.4 GHz band. Generally, the difficulties and challenges of implementing QOs are the required low-power consumptions and high oscillation frequency. Although, current mirrors are one of the most basic building blocks for current sources or current sinks in the design of low-cost low-power integrated circuits where the basic concepts of current mirrors have been well described in many textbooks, no other low-power high-frequency sinusoidal QOs have been specifically reported using neither internal capacitances of transistors (BJTs, MOS) nor all current mirrors.